数控机械师和操作人员

工作日程

CNC Machinists and Operators work full-time, with overtime necessary depending on goals and timeframes. Their duties are usually performed indoors in factories or shops, but work may require them to travel to various locations to do on-site repairs. 

典型职责

• Discuss final product needs and costs of producing them in the desired quantities
• Review reference files (blueprints, drawings, etc.) and written descriptions and specifications of desired parts and items to be made
• Create new work sketches 
• Determine the order of sequence of the work process before starting
• Use measuring instruments to determine the dimensions of the final fabricated pieces
• 验证 公差待加工材料的公差
• Use computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) programs, as needed
• Set up, program, and operate computer numerically controlled (CNC) machine tools to make, or machine, precision parts
• Ensure program updates are compatible with CNC machines
• Adjust various components of CNC machines, such as cutting blades, holding fixtures, etc.
• Determine the type of blanks to use in creating a specified workpiece
• Mark metal stock where cuts will be made
• 穿戴必要的个人防护装备，遵守既定的安全协议
• Keep an eye on CNC machine feeds and speeds 
• 使用车削、铣削、钻孔、整形和磨削等工艺制造零件
• Screen items after cutting for defects and quality. Make adjustments to machinery, if necessary
• Diagnose machine errors and make minor repairs. Disassemble as needed
• Verify that completed products comply with requirements
• Remove waste material from workspaces and recycle or dispose of it properly 

额外责任

• 随时更新技术手册 
• Train and mentor new CNC Machinists and Operators, technologists, and technicians
• 保持工作区域清洁，对机器进行日常维护
• 与相关人员讨论技术问题 
• Offer advice during the project planning phase, if asked

软技能

• 警觉性
• 分析性的
• 谨慎
• 以合规为导向
• 批判性思维
• 注重细节
• 纪律
• 耐心 
• 规划和组织
• 解决问题的能力
• 健全的判断力 
• 劲力
• 团队合作
• 时间管理 

技术技能

• Machinist programs such as Armchair Machinist and Machinists’ Calculator
• 计算机辅助设计程序，如 Autodesk AutoCAD, CATIA, PTC Creo Parametric和 SolidCAM
• 计算机辅助制造软件，如 Autodesk Fusion 360和 CNC Mastercam
• 工业控制软件，如 EditCNC或 马扎克 Mazatrol
• 程序管理程序，如 海克斯康 PC-DMIS
• Familiarity with tools and equipment such as micrometers, vernier calipers, lathes, milling machines, shapers, and grinders, drilling machines, cutting tools, lasers, and water jets
• 熟悉金属加工、钎焊、热处理和焊接等工艺
• 熟悉液压系统、电线、润滑油和电池
• Familiarity with various types of metal and metal alloys, including steel, brass, aluminum, copper, zinc, lead, vanadium, and manganese

• Employment services
• 机械制造
• Machine shops
• 运输设备制造

CNC Machinists and Operators are relied on to mass-produce products that conform to very specific requirements. Thus their work must be meticulous, even under pressure to meet deadlines. They have to take into consideration multiple factors, including what metals to use and how best to cut or shape them. Factories can be loud and dangerous, requiring workers to wear protective gear, such as goggles and hearing protection. 

They need to carefully follow safety procedures to avoid injury to themselves or others in the area. The day-to-day job requires plenty of stamina because workers are usually on their feet, often in a bent or leaning positions. The repetition of machining parts can get monotonous after a while, but workers have to keep their focus because of the inherent hazards of the job. There can be long periods of working alone, so Machinists sometimes need to look beyond their place of employment for socializing.  

There are many CNC machine trends shaping the future of the industry. One is the development of machines capable of higher speeds, including faster spindle speeds, faster feed capacity, faster computing, and faster tool changing. These increases don’t diminish precision, because CNC machines are getting more accurate at the same time! 

Along with these advancements, 3D printing is starting to share some of the workloads to make parts that CNC machines finish. Another change is the use of digital twins which “duplicate a CNC machine and its environment, including its setup on the shop floor, within the CAM software, providing accurate toolpath simulation” in order to “reduce or eliminate any surprises that may occur during the machining process.”

People who get into machine-related career fields usually enjoy working with their hands and feel comfortable using tools and stationary heavy equipment. They might have enjoyed math and computer programming courses in high school or liked doing projects in shop classes. 

Machinists can collaborate with others but don’t mind being on their own for long periods. They might have been very independent growing up and may have always wanted a job where they have some freedom to do their work without a lot of interaction with others.