惩教干事/假释官/缓刑监督官

工作日程

• Correctional Officers work full-time, usually in shifts that cover all hours, including nights, weekends, and holidays. Some shifts may extend to 10 or 12 hours. 
• Probation and Parole Officers work full-time, with more regular schedules, but they may have to travel and respond to after-hours situations.

典型职责

惩教人员

• Maintain order in jails or prisons. Resolve conflicts among inmates
• Oversee and monitor offender activities, ensuring adherence to facility rules
• Conduct risk assessments. Report on offender conduct, progress, and incidents
• Inspect facilities for security and safety compliance
• Search inmates, living quarters, mail, and vehicles for contraband
• Coordinate inmate transportation with law enforcement and judicial authorities
• Operate vehicles, if trained and authorized. Escort inmates to appointments outside the facility
• Implement rehabilitation plans, counsel inmates, and respond to questions
• Perform routine tasks, such as distributing items, dispensing medication, and managing work assignments and counseling session schedules
• Conduct emergency drills and inspections such as fire, safety, and sanitation checks
• Oversee community and recreational activities for inmates
• Investigate crimes within the facility or aid law enforcement with such investigations

Parole Officers

• Assess inmates’ readiness for reintegration. Evaluate factors such as behavior and rehabilitation indicators to assist parole boards in parole decisions
• Explain the terms and conditions of their release, such as check-ins or restitution payments
• Develop post-release plans to help arrange job training, employment, housing, counseling, social activities, education, or legal assistance
• Interview parolees to monitor their re-adjustment back to society
• Assess their compliance with parole conditions, such as employment or community service sentences
• Conduct drug screenings to ensure adherence to substance abuse programs
• Investigate alleged parole violations. Determine if follow-up court action is needed

Probation Officers

• Evaluate probationers to identify effective rehabilitation paths with clear goals
• Discuss issues contributing to prior criminal behavior, such as substance abuse, anger problems, or close connections with other offenders
• Interview probationers and their family and friends to assess progress
• Connect probationers with resources like job training or mental health and substance abuse treatment centers
• Administer drug tests to ensure compliance with treatment programs
• Supervise community-based sentences including home detention
• Investigate probation violations and recommend corrective actions
• Write detailed reports on probationers’ progress and compliance
• Participate in court hearings and provide testimony related to continued probation

额外责任

• Additional duties vary by position. In general, officers should:
• Participate in ongoing training and professional development
• Train in the use of weapons, physical restraint methods, and non-violent communication to ensure safety and prevent injuries in the event of conflicts
• Review employer policy updates to ensure compliance 

软技能

• 适应性
• 注重细节
• 在压力下保持冷静
• 协作性
• 解决冲突
• Crisis intervention
• 演绎性推理
• 勤奋
• 同理心
• Ethical judgment
• 独立性
• Interpersonal and communication skills
• 领导人
• 谈判
• 解决问题
• 复原力
• 团队合作

技术技能

Required technical skills vary by position, but may include:

• Use of digital case management systems to track offender progress, document interactions, and manage case files
• Understanding institutional security measures, including emergency response, contraband control, and facility inspections
• Use of electronic monitoring devices like ankle monitors and GPS tracking
• Substance testing procedures and protocols
• Crisis intervention techniques
• Knowledge of applicable laws, regulations, and guidelines
• Understanding rehabilitation methods and counseling techniques
• Report writing and documentation
• Proficiency with risk assessment tools
• Knowledge of community resources (job training, educational opportunities, support services, etc.)

• Local, state, and federal facilities
• Facilities support services

Correctional Officers must maintain order within prisons while balancing the need for safety with rehabilitation efforts. They face the daily stress of a potentially dangerous environment and the emotional challenge of interacting with inmates, which requires a blend of authority and empathy.

Parole Officers supervise individuals released from prison, trying to help them reintegrate into society. Their work can be like walking a tightrope sometimes, as they must ensure public safety while supporting parolee rehabilitation.

Similarly, Probation Officers must focus on preventing further offenses through rehabilitation. They juggle the needs of the offender with the enforcement of rules—while dealing with the complexities of several cases at once!

The criminal justice field has seen a shift towards restorative justice and rehabilitation over punishment, impacting the duties and priorities of Correctional, Parole, and Probation officers.

This change reflects the importance of addressing the root causes of criminal behavior, such as substance abuse and lack of education or employment opportunities. Correctional facilities are increasingly implementing programs focused on education, vocational training, and mental health support to prepare inmates for reentry into society.

Meanwhile, parole and probation practices put more emphasis on personalized, supportive supervision, risk assessment tools, and evidence-based strategies to reduce recidivism. Electronic monitoring devices and data analytics are helping to tailor such support to individual needs. 

People who pursue careers in this line of work often have a natural inclination towards roles that involve leadership, problem-solving, and service to the community. Even in their younger years, they might have been drawn to activities that reflect these interests. They’re usually tough but fair, with a genuine desire to improve the lives of those they are working with.