地理信息系统专家

工作日程

• 地理信息系统专家通常是全职工作。在某些情况下，当工作紧急时需要加班。有些人可能只在需要的情况下从事兼职工作。

典型职责

• 讨论项目范围、预期、预算、时间表和责任
• Stay knowledgeable on a vast array of project types, including those involving civil engineering, electrical engineering, surveys, solar and wind energy, land development for residential and commercial use
• Research methods and places from which to gather data
• 收集和评估来自各种经批准来源的数据，如远程传感器
• 根据需要，与外地支持人员进行联络
• 设计并帮助建立综合计算机系统、数据库、建模程序和科学/数学模型
• 根据需要，修改现有的地理信息系统数据库
• 对GIS程序进行编码，进行功能测试，并对错误进行排查
• 对地理信息系统的改进、升级和其他变化提出建议
• 维护工作流程的技术文件
• 准备并向数据库输入数据。评估已经加载的现有数据
• 运行数据分析并注意到趋势和模式
• 进行地理空间建模和分析
• Review aerial photos and orthoimages
• 决定在报告中使用适当的地图元素
• Use GIS to prepare reports, graphics, tables, data layers, 3D 
  renderings, maps, etc.
• 为客户或利益相关者解释结果
• 与相关工作人员或团队合作；讨论调查结果

额外责任

• 研究GIS与全球定位系统软件的工作方式
• 从事地理信息系统移动应用程序的工作
• 确保质量控制和数据的准确性
• 为用户提供培训和技术支持
• 了解行业变化和技术进步的最新情况
• 参加专业组织的活动，分享信息并向他人学习

软技能

• 活动协调
• 分析性的
• 注重细节
• 协作
• 批判性思维
• 演绎和归纳推理
• 注重细节
• 公正的
• 独立的
• 监测
• 正常色觉
• 目标
• 有组织的
• 病人
• 敏锐
• 解决问题
• 阅读理解
• 强大的沟通能力
• 时间管理
• 视觉化

技术技能

• 基本工程原则和程序
• 计算机辅助设计（CAD）程序
• 数据分析软件
• 数据库管理系统
• 设计软件、蓝图、3D模型、技术计划
• 开发环境软件
• 企业资源规划
• Geographic information systems, such as ESRI ArcGIS
• Geospatial industry programming languages, including Python, JavaScript, C+, HTML/CSS, Swift, Java, C#, SQL, PHP, Rust, Lotlin, Ruby, TypeScript, Matlad, Go, etc.
• Google Earth, KMZ files, and lidar
• 图形/照片成像程序
• Map creation software like CDA International’s Manifold System or ITT Visual Information Solutions
• 移动定位服务软件
• 曾从事/熟悉咨询工程师和/或测量师的工作
• Scientific software, such as Coordinate Geometry COGO 
  Understanding of geography

• 银行
• 市、州和联邦机构
• 土木工程公司
• 商业企业和工厂
• 通信系统安装供应商
• 教育和研究机构
• 环境科学机构
• 火灾报警/安全系统安装人员
• 林业服务
• 保健和人类服务机构
• 暖通空调安装人员
• 保险公司
• 执法机构
• 政治学团体
• 房地产机构
• 零售企业
• 供应链管理公司
• 城市规划师
• 公用事业供应商

GIS technology is, or can be, used in virtually every industry imaginable! To get a feel for just how reliant we’ve become on these critical systems, check out Nobel’s 20 Ways GIS Data is Used in Business and Everyday Life. GIS is a core asset used to make important decisions that impact everything from company profits to public safety. Because of our dependence on GIS, GIS-generated data and results must be as accurate as possible.

GIS Specialists are the key to making sure the systems perform as needed and provide trustworthy output. A dated example of GIS gone wrong was pointed out on Stack Exchange, which noted how the incorrect use of spatial aspects completely misrepresented the “potential reach of North Korea’s missiles.” One simple oversight caused The Economist to report a massive underestimation of a possible military threat’s true scope. 

The field of GIS was born in the early 1960s and has developed nonstop ever since. Current trends include the increasing use of 3D analysis to add value to projects. Another area seeing exciting change is Web GIS, which brings the power of these systems to much larger communities. This, in turn, is expanding opportunities, enticing more people to learn GIS skills and add to the advancement.

In addition, the integration of GIS with Building Information Modeling and Computer-aided Drafting and Design is transforming and expanding the capabilities of these systems. Of course, as with so many other fields, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning have entered the fray to tap into the full potential of GIS while drawing upon real-time and “big” data.

上述每一个趋势都是如此广泛，以至于没有一个GIS专家能够全部研究它们，但最好是熟悉所有正在发生的变化和创新。

Geographic Information Systems Specialists probably loved working with computers at an early age. They might have taken an interest in how things work or in data, statistics, figures, and even trivia. They may also have enjoyed using software to create art or graphic designs. Future specialists may have had a strong interest in some particular field, such as environmental studies, that they wanted to improve with the use of GIS technology.